Complete List of Roman Theatres and Odeums

Roman Theatres and Odums by Country. Compiled by: Thomas Hines 2025
Source: Frank Sear, Roman Theatres: An Architectural Study, Oxford University Press, 2006

Frank Sear identifies 587 Roman Theatres and odeums in 22 countries: 308 structures with substantial remains and 279 structures with little or no remains.

.Although this list is specific to Roman Theatres and odeums, be aware that many have a Greek heritage, especially those in Sicily, Greece, and Turkey. These structures may have had a Greek origin, but were renovated to Roman standards. A reliable test: if you see a semicircle orchestra, arches, and brick-clad facades, you are looking at Roman architecture.

The following list of structures, countries, and conditions was researched and compiled by Frank Sear in his definitive architectural study of Roman theatre architecture. Any errors in reporting his data may be attributed to this Author: Thomas Hines

Classification System:

• Substantial Remains: Theatres with significant surviving architectural elements
• Little or No Remains: Theatres with minimal structures, inscription-only evidence, or unlocated sites

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ALBANIA (10 structures)

Substantial Remains (6)

1. Apollonia (Pojani, Albania) – Theatre – Good
2. Apollonia (Pojani, Albania) – Odeum- Very good
3. Buthrotum (Butrint, Albania) – Theatre – Very well preserved
4. Byllis South-West (Gradisht, Albania) – Theatre – Fair to good remains
5. Oricum (Orika, Albania) – Theatre – Poor to fragmentary, partially excavated
6. Phoinike (Finiq, Albania) – Theatre – Moderate condition

Little or No Remains (4)

7. Byllis North-West (Gradisht, Albania) – Theatre – Depression identified
8. Hadrianopolis (Sofratikë, Albania) – Theatre – Poor condition
9. Nicaea (Klos, Albania) – Theatre – Third century
10. Onchesmus (Sarandë, Albania) – Theatre – Almost disappeared

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ALGERIA (12 structures)

Substantial Remains (5)

1. Tipasa (Tipasa, Algeria) – Theatre – Well preserved
2. Cuicul (Djemila, Algeria) – Theatre – Best preserved
3. Thamugadi (Timgad, Algeria) – Theatre – Very well preserved
4. Madaurus (Mdaurush, Algeria) – Theatre – Poorly preserved, partial cavea
5. Thubursicu Numidarum (Khamissa, Algeria) – Theatre – Partially preserved

Little or No Remains (7)

6. Iol/Caesarea (Cherchel, Algeria) – Theatre – Little remains above ground
7. Sitifis (Sétif, Algeria) – Theatre – No remains, built over
8. Cirta (Constantine, Algeria) – Theatre – No remain, possibly unlocated
9. Rusicada (Skikda/Philippeville, Algeria) – Theatre – Built over, No remains
10. Uzelis (Oudjel, Algeria) – Theatre – Inscription only
11. Hippo Regius (Annaba/Bône, Algeria) – Theatre – Little remains, built over
12. Thevestis (Tébessa, Algeria) – Theatre – Nothing visible

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AUSTRIA (2 structures)

Substantial Remains (1)

1. Virunum (Zollfeld, Austria) – Theatre – Structural foundation remains

Little or No Remains (1)

2. Carnuntum (Pfaffenberg, Austria) – Theatre – Minimal remains

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BULGARIA (5 structures)

Substantial Remains (2)

1. Philippopolis (Plovdiv, Bulgaria) – Theatre – Twenty-four rows
2. Nicopolis-ad-Istrum (Nikjup, Bulgaria) – Odeum – Partial remains

Little or No Remains (3)

3. Kasnokovo (Bulgaria) – Theatre – Poor condition
4. Mesambria (Nesebâr, Bulgaria) – Theatre – No remains
5. Serdica (Sofia, Bulgaria) – Bouleuterion – Barrel vaults

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CROATIA (7 structures)

Substantial Remains (4)

1. Issa (Vis, Croatia) – Theatre – Substructures visible
2. Salonae (Solin, Croatia) – Theatre – Poor to fair substructure
3. Pola Large Theatre (Pula, Croatia) – Theatre – Little remains
4. Pola Small Theatre (Pula, Croatia) – Theatre – Fair, partially restored

Little or No Remains (3)

5. Brattia (Brač, Croatia) – Theatre – No confirmed remains
6. Iader (Zadar, Croatia) – Theatre – Poor, mostly below ground
7. Narona (Vid, Croatia) – Theatre – Fragmentary, some substructure visible

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CYPRUS (6 structures)

Substantial Remains (5)

1. Curium (Episkopi, Cyprus) – Theatre – Substantial remains, partially restored
2. Paphus Nova (Kato Paphos, Cyprus) – Theatre – Partly excavated
3. Salamis (Cyprus) – Theatre – Fair, prominent remains visible, partially restored
4. Soli (Potamos tou Kambou, Cyprus) – Theatre – moderate, partially preserved, not restored
5. Paphus Nova Asclepieum (Cyprus) – Odeum – Well preserved, 12 restored rows, orchestra

Little or No Remains (1)

6. Citium (Kition, Cyprus) – Theatre – minimal remains, not excavated, overbuilt or lost

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EGYPT (8 structures)

Substantial Remains (2)

1. Alexandria Small theatre/odeum (Alexandria, Egypt) – Theatre/Odeum – Well preserved and renovated
2. Oxyrhynchus (El Bahnasa, Egypt) – Theatre – Partial but substantial remains

Little or No Remains (6)

3. Antinoe/Antinoopolis (Sheikh Abâda, Egypt) – Theatre – Little remains
4. Apollonopolis Heptakomia (Egypt) – Theatre – Papyrus only
5. Crocodilopolis/Arsinoe (Medinet El-Faiyum, Egypt) – Theatre – Papyrus only
6. Memphis (El Badrshein, Egypt) – Theatre – Papyrus only
7. Panopolis (Akhmim, Egypt) – Theatre – Papyrus only
8. Ptolemais (Menshijeh, Egypt) – Theatre – Papyrus only

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GREECE (117 structures)

Substantial Remains (42)

1. Aegeira (Egira, Achaia, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
2. Athens Theatre of Dionysus (Athina, Attiki, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
3. Delos (Dilos, Kiklades, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
4. Dodona (Dodoni, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
5. Epidaurus (Epidauros, Argolis, Greece) – Theatre – Almost perfect
6. Epidaurus town (Palaia Epidauros, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
7. Melos (Milos, Kiklades, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
8. Oropus (Oropos, Attiki, Greece) – Theatre – Substantial remains
9. Sicyon (nr. Kiato, Korinthia, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
10. Sparta (Sparti, Lakonia, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
11. Thasos (Thasos, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
12. Thera (Thira, Santorini, Kiklades, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
13. Thoricus (Thorikos, Attiki, Greece) – Theatre – Well preserved
14. Athens Odeum of Herodes Atticus (Athina, Attiki, Greece) – Odeum – Well preserved
15. Argos Odeum (Argos, Argolis, Greece) – Odeum – Well preserved
16. Patrae (Patre, Achaia, Greece) – Odeum – Well preserved
17. Samothrace (Samothraki, Greece) – Theatre – Seven rows survive
18. Aegae (Vergina, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
19. Aenus (Enez, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
20. Apollonia Pontica (Sozopol, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
21. Argos (Argos, Argolis, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
22. Athens Theatre of Lycurgus (Athina, Attiki, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
23. Corinth (Korinthos, Korinthia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
24. Cos (Kos, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
25. Crete Chersonisos Theatre (Limani Khersonisou, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
26. Eretria (Eretria, Euboia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
27. Gythium (Gythio, Lakonia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
28. Larissa (Larissa, Thessalia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
29. Megalopolis (Megalopoli, Arkadia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
30. Messene (Messini, Messinia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
31. Nikopolis (Preveza, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
32. Philippi (Filippoi, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
33. Piraeus (Pireaus, Attiki, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
34. Rhamnous (Rhamnous, Attiki, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
35. Rhodes (Rodos, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
36. Samos (Samos, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
37. Stobi (Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
38. Stratos (Stratos, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
39. Tanagra (Tanagra, Boiotia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
40. Tegea (Tegea, Arkadia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
41. Thebes (Thiva, Boiotia, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains
42. Tralles (Aydin, Greece) – Theatre – Visible remains

Little or No Remains (75)

43. Abdera (Avdira, Greece) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
44. Aenos (Enez, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
45. Aegina (Aegina, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
46. Ambracia (Arta, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
47. Amphipolis (Amfipoli, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
48. Antioch ad Cragum (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
49. Aphrodisias Caria (Greece) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
50. Apollonia Illyrica (Greece) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
51. Arsinoe (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
52. Assos (Greece) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
53. Athens Agora Theatre (Athina, Attiki, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
54. Aulis (Avlis, Boiotia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
55. Beroea (Veria, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
56. Buthrotum Chaonia (Greece) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
57. Byzantium (Istanbul, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
58. Callipolis (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
59. Cardia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
60. Carystus (Karystos, Euboia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
61. Cassandreia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
62. Chaeronea (Chaironeia, Boiotia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
63. Chalcis (Chalkida, Euboia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
64. Chersonesos Taurica (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
65. Chios (Chios, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
66. Cnidus (Greece) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
67. Corcyra (Kerkyra, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
68. Coronea (Koroneia, Boiotia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
69. Cythera (Kythira, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
70. Delium (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
71. Delphi (Delfi, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
72. Demetrias (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
73. Dion (Dion, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
74. Dryme (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
75. Dyme (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
76. Elis (Ilia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
77. Epidamnus (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
78. Eretria New (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
79. Gela Sicily (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
80. Gonnoi (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
81. Gytheion Old (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
82. Halicarnassus (Greece) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
83. Halonnesos (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
84. Heraclea Pontica (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
85. Histiaea (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
86. Hypata (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
87. Ialysus (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
88. Icus (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
89. Imbros (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
90. Ithome (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
91. Knossos (Knossos, Kriti, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
92. Lamia (Lamia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
93. Lemnos (Limnos, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
94. Leucas (Lefkada, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
95. Lindus (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
96. Locri Epizephyrii Italian (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
97. Maroneia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
98. Methone Messenia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
99. Miletus Ionia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
100. Mytilene (Mytilini, Lesvos, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
101. Naupactus (Nafpaktos, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
102. Naxos Sicily (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
103. Nea Paphos (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
104. Olbia Pontica (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
105. Olynthus (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
106. Orchomenus Arcadia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
107. Orchomenus Boiotia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
108. Pagasae (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
109. Paros (Paros, Kiklades, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
110. Patara (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
111. Pella (Pella, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
112. Pergamon (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
113. Pharsalus (Farsala, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
114. Pheneus (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
115. Phigaleia (Greece) – Theatre – Not located
116. Plataea (Plataies, Boiotia, Greece) – Theatre – Not located
117. Pydna (Greece) – Theatre – Not located

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HUNGARY (2 structures)

Substantial Remains (0)

None

Little or No Remains (2)

1. Aquincum (Buda, Hungary) – Theatre – No remains
2. Savaria (Szombathely, Hungary) – Theatre – Stone fragments

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ITALY (132 structures)

Substantial Remains (100)

1. Beneventum (Benevento, Italy) – Theatre – Substantially complete
2. Cales (Calvi Risorta, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
3. Casinum (Cassino, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
4. Faesulae (Fiesole, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
5. Ferentium (Ferento, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
6. Herculaneum (Ercolano, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved remains
7. Iguvium (Gubbio, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
8. Minturnae (Minturno, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
9. Ostia (Ostia Antica, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
10. Pietrabbondante (Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved prohedria
11. Pompeii Large Theatre (Pompeii, Italy) – Theatre – Very well-preserved
12. Pompeii Small Theatre (Pompeii, Italy) – Theatre – Very well-preserved
13. Saepinum (Sepino, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
14. Spoletium (Spoleto, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
15. Verona (Verona, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
16. Volaterrae (Volterra, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
17. Abellinum (Avellino, Italy) – Theatre – Visible remains
18. Acelum (Asolo, Italy) – Theatre – Excavated remains
19. Acerrae (Acerra, Italy) – Theatre – Some walls
20. Aequiculi (Civitella di Nesce, Italy) – Theatre – Some masonry
21. Alba Fucens (Massa d’Albe, Italy) – Theatre – Supporting walls
22. Albanum (Castelgandolfo, Italy) – Theatre – Architectural fragments
23. Albintimilium (Ventimiglia, Italy) – Theatre – Lowest rows
24. Allifae (Alife, Italy) – Theatre – Footings preserved
25. Amiternum (San Vittorino, Italy) – Theatre – Substantial footings
26. Antium (Anzio, Italy) – Theatre – Badly preserved
27. Aquinum (Aquino, Italy) – Theatre – Foundations preserved
28. Ariminum (Rimini, Italy) – Theatre – Curved wall
29. Arretium (Arezzo, Italy) – Theatre – Outer wall
30. Asculum (Ascoli Piceno, Italy) – Theatre – Radial substructures
31. Asisium (Assisi, Italy) – Theatre – Slight remains
32. Atria (Adria, Italy) – Theatre – Destroyed 1661
33. Augusta Bagiennorum (Bene Vagienna, Italy) – Theatre – Recently restored
34. Augusta Praetoria (Aosta, Italy) – Theatre – Magnificent south wall
35. Augusta Taurinorum (Turin, Italy) – Theatre – Half building
36. Baiae (Baia, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved radial rooms
37. Bauli (Bacoli, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved remains
38. Bononia (Bologna, Italy) – Theatre – Foundation walls
39. Bovillae (Boville, Italy) – Theatre – Foundations visible
40. Brixia (Brescia, Italy) – Theatre – Imposing ruins
41. Caere (Cerveteri, Italy) – Theatre – No longer visible
42. Capua (S. Maria Capua Vetere, Italy) – Theatre – Radial passageways
43. Carsulae (nr. San Gemini, Italy) – Theatre – Outer arcade
44. Castelsecco (Italy) – Theatre – Lowest rows
45. Civitas Camunorum (Cividate Camuno, Italy) – Theatre – Foundation walls
46. Cluviae (Casoli, Italy) – Theatre – Perimeter walls
47. Comum (Como, Italy) – Theatre – Outline preserved
48. Copia (Sibari, Italy) – Theatre – Parts preserved
49. Corfinium (Corfinio, Italy) – Theatre – Outline recognizable
50. Elea (Velia, Italy) – Theatre – Heavily robbed
51. Eporedia (Ivrea, Italy) – Theatre – Brick-faced walling
52. Falerio Picenus (Falerone, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
53. Falerii Novi (Fabrica di Roma, Italy) – Theatre – Outline visible
54. Firmum (Fermo, Italy) – Theatre – Curved wall
55. Florentia (Florence, Italy) – Theatre – Radial walls
56. Gioiosa Ionica (Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved orchestra
57. Grumentum (nr. Grumento Nova, Italy) – Theatre – Substructures preserved
58. Hatria (Atri, Italy) – Theatre – Vaulted passages
59. Helvia Ricina (Villa Potenza, Italy) – Theatre – Considerable height
60. Interamnia Praetuttiorum (Teramo, Italy) – Theatre – Cavea preserved
61. Iuvanum (Torricella Peligna, Italy) – Theatre – Parts preserved
62. Lanuvium (Lanuvio, Italy) – Theatre – Radial walling
63. Libarna (Serravalle Scrivia, Italy) – Theatre – Lower parts
64. Locri Epizephyrii (Locri, Italy) – Theatre – Lower cavea
65. Luca (Lucca, Italy) – Theatre – Substructures preserved
66. Luna (Luni, Italy) – Theatre – Foundation level
67. Lupiae (Lecce, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved orchestra
68. Mediolanum (Milan, Italy) – Theatre – Foundations preserved
69. Metapontum (Metaponto, Italy) – Theatre – Seven rows
70. Montegrotto Terme (Italy) – Theatre – Substantial remains
71. Neapolis (Naples, Italy) – Theatre – Heavily built over
72. Nemus Aricinum (Nemi, Italy) – Theatre – Excavated/reburied
73. Nuceria Alfaterna (Nocera Superiore, Italy) – Theatre – Footings survive
74. Ocriculum (Otricoli, Italy) – Theatre – Much visible
75. Ostra (Ostra vetere, Italy) – Theatre – Nothing visible
76. Parma (Parma, Italy) – Theatre – Architectural fragments
77. Patavium (Padova, Italy) – Theatre – Strip preserved
78. Pausilypum (Posillipo, Italy) – Theatre – Overgrown/inaccessible
79. Peltuinum (Civita Ansidonia, Italy) – Theatre – Radial walls
80. Planasia (Pianosa, Italy) – Theatre – Some cavea
81. Pollentia (Pollenzo, Italy) – Theatre – Covered over
82. Praeneste (Palestrina, Italy) – Theatre – Steps preserved
83. Roccavecchia di Pratella (Italy) – Theatre – Overgrown seats
84. Roma Theatre of Balbus (Rome, Italy) – Theatre – Substructures survive
85. Roma Theatre of Marcellus (Rome, Italy) – Theatre – Cavea preserved
86. Roma Theatre of Pompey (Rome, Italy) – Theatre – Substructures accessible
87. San Nicola Theatre (Mt. San Nicola, Pietravairano, Italy) – Recently excavated and reconstructed
88. Sarno (Italy) – Theatre – Footings preserved
89. Scolacium (Borgia, Italy) – Theatre – Foundations visible
90. Suessa (Sessa Aurunca, Italy) – Theatre – Recently excavated
91. Teanum Sidicinum (Teano, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
92. Teate Marrucinorum (Chieti, Italy) – Theatre – East part
93. Tergeste (Trieste, Italy) – Theatre – Very well-preserved
94. Tibur Hadrian’s Villa (Tivoli, Italy) – Theatre – Part preserved
95. Tuder (Todi, Italy) – Theatre – Passageways visible
96. Tusculum (Tuscolo, Italy) – Theatre – Parts preserved
97. Urbs Salvia (Urbisaglia, Italy) – Theatre – Outline visible
98. Veilia (Elea or Novi Velia, Italy) – Orchestra and partial cavea
99. Venafrum (Venafro, Italy) – Theatre – Walling visible
100. Vicetia (Vicenza, Italy) – Theatre – Built over
101. Pola Large Theatre (Pula, Italy) – Theatre – Little remains
102. Pola Small Theatre (Pula, Italy) – Theatre – Lower courses

Little or No Remains (30)

101. Aeclanum (Mirabella Eclano, Italy) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
102. Altinum (Altino, Italy) – Theatre – Mentioned only
103. Aquileia (Italy) – Theatre – Drainage system
104. Ateste (Este, Italy) – Theatre – Masks found
105. Bodincomagus (Monteu da Po, Italy) – Theatre – Proved Iseum
106. Castrum Novum (S. Marinella, Italy) – Theatre – Semicircular hollow
107. Cumae (Cuma, Italy) – Theatre – Inscriptions only
108. Ferentinum (Ferentino, Italy) – Theatre – Few substructures
109. Formiae (Formia, Italy) – Theatre – Incorporated buildings
110. Gabii (Lago di Castiglione, Italy) – Theatre – No seats
111. Genua (Genoa, Italy) – Theatre – Outline only
112. Herdoniae (Ordona, Italy) – Theatre – Unpublished
113. Julia Concordia (Portogruaro, Italy) – Theatre – Traces only
114. Liternum (Patria, Italy) – Theatre – Lowest cavea
115. Marruvium (S. Benedetto, Italy) – Theatre – Statues only
116. Mevania (Bevagna, Italy) – Theatre – Built over
117. Misenum (Miseno, Italy) – Theatre – Little visible
118. Nola (Italy) – Theatre – Nothing survives
119. Pisae (Pisa, Italy) – Theatre – Foundations only
120. Rudiae (Rugge, Italy) – Theatre – Doubtful interpretation
121. Suessula (nr. Arienzo, Italy) – Theatre – Overgrown
122. Sulmo (Sulmona, Italy) – Theatre – Curved outline
123. Surrentum (Sorrento, Italy) – Theatre – Probably exedra
124. Tarentum (Taranto, Italy) – Theatre – Not identified
125. Tarracina (Terracina, Italy) – Theatre – Some substructures
126. Telesia (Telese, Italy) – Theatre – Aerial photography
127. Ticinum (Pavia, Italy) – Theatre – Curved foundations
128. Trebula Balliensis (Treglia, Italy) – Theatre – Aerial photography
129. Urvinum Mataurense (Urbino, Italy) – Theatre – Reburied
130. Veii (Veio, Italy) – Theatre – Inscriptions only

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LIBYA (13 structures)

Substantial Remains (6)

1. Leptis Magna (Lebda, Libya) – Theatre – Well preserved
2. Sabratha (Libya) – Theatre – Excellently preserved
3. Cyrene (Shahat, Libya) – Myrtusa Theatre – Substantial remains
4. Cyrene West of Caesareum (Libya) – Odeum – Well preserved
5. Cyrene Opposite Caesareum (Libya) – Odeum – Well preserved (restored)
6. Ptolemais (Tolmeita, Libya) – Odeum – Well preserved

Little or No Remains (7)

7. Apollonia (Marsa Susa, Libya) – Theatre – Lowest courses
8. Balagrae (El Beida, Libya) – Theatre – Bottom rows
9. Cyrene Market Theatre (Libya) – Theatre – Partially preserved
10. Cyrene Agora (Libya) – Bouleuterion – Reconstructed remains
11. Ptolemais Upper Theatre (Tolmeita, Libya) – Theatre – Rock cuttings
12. Ptolemais Byzantine Theatre (Libya) – Theatre – Little remains
13. Cyrene (Libya) – Theatre – Not specified

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MOROCCO (3 structures)

Substantial Remains (1)

1. Lixus (Larache, Morocco) – Theatre – Well preserved

Little or No Remains (2)

2. Ad Gharbia (Zilik, Morocco) – Theatre – Outline visible
3. Ad Mercuri (Aïn Bellita, Morocco) – Theatre – Shape visible

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NORTH MACEDONIA (4 structures)

Substantial Remains (4)

1. Stobi (Pustogradske, North Macedonia) – Theatre – Well preserved
2. Scupi (Skopje, North Macedonia) – Theatre – Foundation remains
3. Heraclea Lyncestis (Bitolj, North Macedonia) – Theatre – Some reused
4. Lychnidos (Ohrid, North Macedonia) – Theatre – Nine rows

Little or No Remains (0)

None

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PORTUGAL (2 structures)

Substantial Remains (1)

1. Olisipo (Lisbon, Portugal) – Theatre – Lowest rows survive

Little or No Remains (1)

2. Ebura/Ebora (Évora, Portugal) – Theatre – Curve suggests shape

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ROMANIA (3 structures)

Substantial Remains (0)

None

Little or No Remains (3)

1. Callatis (Mangalia, Romania) – Theatre – Not located
2. Istros (Histria, Romania) – Theatre – Not located
3. Tomis (Constanta, Romania) – Theatre – Inscription only

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SARDINIA, ITALY (2 structures)

Substantial Remains (1)

1. Nora (Capo di Pula, Sardinia, Italy) – Theatre – Much seating

Little or No Remains (1)

Caralis (Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy) – Theatre – Cult theatre

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SERBIA (1 structure)

Substantial Remains (0)

None

Little or No Remains (1)

1. Sirmium (Sremska Mitrovica, Serbia) – Theatre – Literary reference

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SICILY, ITALY (21 structures)

Substantial Remains (12)

1. Segesta (Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
2. Syracuse Greek Theatre (Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Rock-cut parts
3. Tauromenium Theatre (Taormina, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
4. Tyndaris (Tindari, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
5. Acrae (Palazzolo Acreide, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Part reconstructed
6. Catania Theatre (Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
7. Catania Odeum (Sicily, Italy) – Odeum – Substructures preserved
8. Heraclea Minoa (Eraclea Minoa, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Lowest rows
9. Iaitas (Monte Iato, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Well-preserved remains
10. Morgantina (Serra Orlando, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Lowest seats
11. Soluntum (Solunto, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Built over
12. Tauromenium Odeum (Taormina, Sicily, Italy) – Odeum – Much preserved

Little or No Remains (8)

14. Agrigentum (Agrigento, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – No theatre found
15. Agyrium (Agira, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Under churches
16. Entella (Rocca d’Entella, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Tablets mention
17. Gela (Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Nothing found
18. Helorus (Eloro, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Eleven rows
19. Henna (Enna, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Not located
20. Hippana (Prizzi, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Completely buried
21. Messana (Messina, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Work continues
22. Panormus (Palermo, Sicily, Italy) – Theatre – Destroyed 1549

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SPAIN (34 structures)

Substantial Remains (19)

1. Acinipo (Ronda la Vieja, Málaga, Spain) – Theatre – Well-preserved postscaenium
2. Augusta Emerita (Mérida, Badajoz, Spain) – Theatre – Very well-preserved
3. Italica (Santiponce, Sevilla, Spain) – Theatre – Cavea totally uncovered
4. Saguntum (Sagunto, Valencia, Spain) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
5. Baelo (Bolonia, Cádiz, Spain) – Theatre – Substructures survive
6. Bilbilis (Calatayud, Zaragoza, Spain) – Theatre – Substructures and elements
7. Caesaraugusta (Zaragoza, Spain) – Theatre – Just over half
8. Carthago Nova (Cartagena, Murcia, Spain) – Theatre – Part of cavea
9. Clunia (Peñalba de Castro, Huesca, Spain) – Theatre – Parts survive
10. Gades (Cádiz, Spain) – Theatre – Some seating revealed
11. Malaca (Málaga, Spain) – Theatre – Most cavea uncovered
12. Metellinum (Medellín, Badajoz, Spain) – Theatre – Heavily robbed outline
13. Pollentia (Alcúdia de Pollensa, Majorca, Spain) – Theatre – Rock-cut portion
14. Regina (Casas de Reina, Badajoz, Spain) – Theatre – Substructures and seats
15. Segobriga (Cabeza del Griego, Cuenca, Spain) – Theatre – Most preserved
16. Singilia Barba (El Castillon, Málaga, Spain) – Theatre – Mostly quarried away
17. Tarraco (Tarragona, Spain) – Theatre – Only parts survive
18. Urso (Osuna, Sevilla, Spain) – Theatre – Few rows survive
19. Osca (Huesca, Spain) – Theatre – Curved walls found

Little or No Remains (15)

20. Arcobriga (Monreal de Ariza, Zaragoza, Spain) – Theatre – Outline visible (1940)
21. Barcino (Barcelona, Spain) – Theatre – Architectural fragments only
22. Canama (Villanueva del Rio, Sevilla, Spain) – Theatre – Inscription only
23. Capera (Cáparra, Cáceres, Spain) – Theatre – Partially excavated
24. Carteia (San Roque, Cádiz, Spain) – Theatre – Mentioned only
25. Cartima (Cártama, Málaga, Spain) – Theatre – Inscription only
26. Castulo (Cazlona, Jaen, Spain) – Theatre – Inscription only
27. Celsa (Velilla de Ebro, Zaragoza, Spain) – Theatre – Excavations started
28. Corduba (Córdoba, Spain) – Theatre – Location mystery
29. Hispalis (Seville, Spain) – Theatre – Literary reference only
30. Isturgi (Los Villares, Jaen, Spain) – Theatre – Inscription only
31. Julia Constantia Osset (San Juan de Aznalfarache, Sevilla, Spain) – Theatre – Inscription only
32. Lucurgentum Hispalense (Morón de la Frontera, Sevilla, Spain) – Theatre – Inscription only
33. Mago (Mahón, Baleares, Spain) – Theatre – Inscription fragment
34. Tucci (Martos, Jaen, Spain) – Theatre – Inscriptions only

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TUNISIA (46 structures)

Substantial Remains (10)

1. Althiburos (Medeïna, Tunisia) – Theatre – Several Rows of seats, unexcavated.
2. Ammaedara (Haïdra, Tunisia) – Theatre – Poorly preserved, poor condition
3. Bulla Regia (Hammam Daradji, Tunisia) – Theatre – Moderately preserved, minimal restoration
4. Carthago (Carthage, Tunisia) – Theatre – Heavily restored
5. Cillium (Kasserine, Tunisia) – Theatre – Partially preserved
6. Simitthu (Chemtou, Tunisia) – Theatre – Partially preserved
7. Sufetula (Sbeitla, Tunisia) – Theatre – Partially standing, outline of cavea visible
8. Thugga (Dougga, Tunisia) – Theatre – Well preserved
9. Thugga (Dougga, Tunisia) – Theatre-Temple – Partially preserved
10. Uthina (Oudhna, Tunisia) – General shape of cavea visible

Little or No Remains (36)

11. Abthugni (Henchir Souar, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
12. Aggar (Henchir Sidi Amara, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
13. Altava (Ouled Mimoun, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
14. Aquae Regiae (Henchir Hammam el Bey, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
15. Assuras (Zanfour, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
16. Avitta Bibba (Henchir Bou Ftis, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
17. Bararus (Rougga, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
18. Belalis Maior (Henchir el Faouar, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
19. Bisica (Bijga, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
20. Bulla Mensa (Hammam Dar Ben Achour, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
21. Capsa (Gafsa, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
22. Carpi (Henchir Mraissa, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
23. Chidibbia (Sloughia, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
24. Chullu (El Alia, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
25. Cilma (Kelma, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
26. Curubis (Korba, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
27. Gafsa (Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
28. Gigthis (Bou Ghara, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
29. Hadrumetum (Sousse, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
30. Henchir Semmech (Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
31. Hippo Diarrhytus (Bizerte, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
32. Lares (Lorbeus, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
33. Lepcis Minor (Lamta, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
34. Limisa (Ksar Lemsa, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
35. Mactaris (Maktar, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
36. Masclianae (Henchir Mest, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
37. Maxula (Radès, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
38. Membressa (Medjez el Bab, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
39. Mididi (Henchir Mididi, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
40. Musti (Le Krib, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
41. Neapolis (Nabeul, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
42. Pupput (Souk el Abiod, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
43. Segermes (Henchir Harat, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
44. Tacapae (Gabès, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
45. Thabraca (Tabarka, Tunisia) – Theatre – Inscription only
46. Thibursicu Bure (Téboursouk, Tunisia) – Odeum – Inscription only

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TURKEY (143 structures)

Substantial Remains (82)

1. Adada (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
2. Aegeae (Yumurtalik, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
3. Aizanoi (Çavdarhisar, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
4. Alexandria Troas (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
5. Amaseia (Amasya, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
6. Amasra (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
7. Ancyra (Ankara, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
8. Anemurium (Anamur, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
9. Antioch on the Maeander (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
10. Antioch Pisidia (Yalvaç, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
11. Antoniopolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
12. Apameia Cibotus (Dinar, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
13. Aphrodisias (Geyre, Turkey) – Theatre – Well-preserved cavea
14. Aphrodisias (Geyre, Turkey) – Odeum – Well-preserved
15. Apollonia ad Rhyndacum (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
16. Arykanda (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
17. Aspendus (Belkiz, Turkey) – Theatre – Excellently preserved
18. Assos (Behramkale, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
19. Attaleia (Antalya, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
20. Balbura (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
21. Balboura (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
22. Bubon (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
23. Caesarea Mazaca (Kayseri, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
24. Caunus (Dalyan, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
25. Cibyra (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
26. Cnidus (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
27. Coracesium (Alanya, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
28. Cos (Kos, Turkey) – Odeum – Heavily restored
29. Cyme (Nemrut Limani, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
30. Diocaesarea (Uzuncaburç, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
31. Elaiussa Sebaste (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
32. Ephesus (Selçuk, Turkey) – Theatre – Very well preserved
33. Ephesus (Selçuk, Turkey) – Odeum – Visible remains
34. Erythrae (Ildiri, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
35. Euromus (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
36. Gadara (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
37. Gerga (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
38. Gordium (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
39. Halicarnassus (Bodrum, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
40. Heraclea ad Latmum (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
41. Hierapolis (Pamukkale, Turkey) – Theatre – Well-preserved
42. Hierapolis Castabala (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
43. Iasos (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
44. Iconium (Konya, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
45. Iotape (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
46. Isaura (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
47. Kibyra (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
48. Labraunda (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
49. Laodikeia ad Lycum (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
50. Limyra (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
51. Lyrbe (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
52. Magnesia ad Maeandrum (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
53. Magnesia ad Sipylum (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
54. Mamurt Kaleh (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
55. Miletus (Balat, Turkey) – Theatre – Very well-preserved
56. Mopsuestia (Misis, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
57. Myra (Demre, Turkey) – Theatre – Well-preserved
58. Myra (Demre, Turkey) – Odeum – Visible remains
59. Nacoleia (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
60. Neapolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
61. Nicaea (Iznik, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
62. Nicomedia (Izmit, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
63. Nysa (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
64. Oenoanda (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
65. Olba (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
66. Parium (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
67. Patara (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
68. Perge (Aksu, Turkey) – Theatre – Well-preserved
69. Pergamon (Bergama, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
70. Pergamon (Bergama, Turkey) – Odeum – Visible remains
71. Philadelphia (Alaşehir, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
72. Pinara (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
73. Priene (Güllübahçe, Turkey) – Theatre – Well-preserved
74. Rhodiapolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
75. Sagalassus (Adlasun, Turkey) – Theatre – Fairly complete
76. Sagalassus (Adlasun, Turkey) – Odeum – Visible remains
77. Sardis (Sart, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
78. Seleucia ad Calycadnum (Silifke, Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
79. Selge (Turkey) – Theatre – Visible remains
80. Side (Eski Antalya, Turkey) – Theatre – Well-preserved
81. Smyrna (Izmir, Turkey) – Theatre – Foundation remains
82. Tralles (Aydin, Turkey) – Theatre – Foundation remains

Little or No Remains (61)

83. Abydus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
84. Adramyttium (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
85. Aezani (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
86. Aigai Aeolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
87. Akmonia (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
88. Alexandria Minor (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
89. Alinda (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
90. Amastris (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
91. Amblada (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
92. Amisus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
93. Amyzon (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
94. Andriake (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
95. Antandrus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
96. Antioch ad Cragum (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
97. Antioch Hippos (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
98. Apollonia Salbace (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
99. Apollonis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
100. Apameia Myrlea (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
101. Artaxata (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
102. Attuda (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
103. Bargasa (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
104. Bithynium (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
105. Byzantium (Istanbul, Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
106. Calchedon (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
107. Celenderis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
108. Ceramus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
109. Charadrus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
110. Choma (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
111. Chrysaoreon (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
112. Cidramus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
113. Cilician Gates (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
114. Cinna (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
115. Ciralı (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
116. Colophon (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
117. Comana Pontica (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
118. Corydalus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
119. Cremna (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
120. Cyme Aeolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
121. Cyzicus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
122. Dadima (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
123. Dioshieron (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
124. Docimium (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
125. Dorylaeium (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
126. Eumeneia (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
127. Hadrianopolis Bithynia (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
128. Hadrianothera (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
129. Heliopolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
130. Heraclea Pontica (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
131. Hierocaesarea (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
132. Julia Ipsus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
133. Juliopolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
134. Lampsacus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
135. Laodicea Combusta (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
136. Leptis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
137. Leucae (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
138. Lystra (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
139. Mallus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
140. Melitene (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
141. Metropolis (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
142. Mylasa (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located
143. Olympus (Turkey) – Theatre – Not located

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CRETE, GREECE (14 structures)

Substantial Remains (2)

1. Gortyn (Kainourgiou, Crete, Greece) – Odeum – Well preserved
2. Leuke Islands (Kouphonisi Sitias, Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Much damaged but substantial

Little or No Remains (12)

3. Aptera (Palaiokastro, Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Few seats
4. Chersonesus (Limani Khersonisou, Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Partial remains
5. Cydonia (Chania, Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Destroyed 16th century
6. Gortyn Large Theatre (Kainourgiou, Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Partial remains
7. Gortyn Small Theatre (Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Substructures only
8. Gortyn Roman Theatre (Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Substructures only
9. Hierapytna Large Theatre (Crete, Greece) – Theatre – War damaged
10. Hierapytna Small Theatre (Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Partial remains
11. Inatos (Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Partial remains
12. Kissamus (Kastelli Kisamou, Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Excavated portions
13. Lato (Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Steps only
14. Lissus/Lisos (Crete, Greece) – Theatre – Small concrete

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SUMMARY BY COUNTRY

Country	Total	Substantial Remains	Little or No Remains
Albania	10	6 (60%)	4 (40%)
Algeria	12	5 (42%)	7 (58%)
Austria	2	1 (50%)	1 (50%)
Bulgaria	5	2 (40%)	3 (60%)
Croatia	7	4 (57%)	3 (43%)
Cyprus	6	5 (83%)	1 (17%)
Egypt	8	2 (25%)	6 (75%)
Greece	117	42 (36%)	75 (64%)
Hungary	2	0 (0%)	2 (100%)
Italy	132	102 (77%)	30 (23%)
Libya	13	6 (46%)	7 (54%)
Morocco	3	1 (33%)	2 (67%)
North Macedonia	4	4 (100%)	0 (0%)
Portugal	2	1 (50%)	1 (50%)
Romania	3	0 (0%)	3 (100%)
Sardinia, Italy	1	1 (50%)	1 (50%)
Serbia	1	0 (0%)	1 (100%)
Sicily, Italy	21	12 (62%)	9 (38%)
Spain	34	19 (56%)	15 (44%)
Tunisia	46	10 (22%)	36 (78%)
Turkey	143	82 (57%)	61 (43%)
Crete, Greece	14	2 (14%)	12 (86%)

GRAND TOTAL: 587 structures

Little or No Remains: 279 (48%). Theatres with minimal structures or unlocated sites.

Substantial Remains: 308 (52%). Theatres with significant surviving architectural elements.

Source: Frank Sear, Roman Theatres: An Architectural Study, Oxford University Press, 2006

Classification System:

• 309 Structures with Substantial Remains: Theatres with significant surviving architectural elements
• 278 Structures with Little or No Remains: Theatres with minimal structures, inscription-only evidence, or unlocated sites

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Last Update: 07-22-2025